Lupin Allergy
Lupin seeds are ground into flour and used in some pastas and baked goods, particularly in products imported from mainland Europe. If you suspect a lupin allergy, speak to your GP for advice and possible referral to an allergy clinic.
Overview
Lupin allergy happens when the immune system mistakes proteins from lupin as harmful and releases chemicals such as histamine. This causes symptoms, which usually appear quickly after eating foods containing lupin.
What is lupin?
Lupin is a flowering plant. Some species are grown for edible seeds which are crushed to make lupin flour for use in pasta, pancakes and baked goods. Lupin is a legume, the same plant family as peanuts. A small number of people with peanut allergy may also be allergic to lupin because some proteins are similar (cross‑reactivity). Most people with peanut allergy do not need to avoid lupin unless advised by their specialist.
Symptoms
Mild to moderate symptoms may include:
- Itchy rash (hives)
- Tingling or itching in the mouth
- Swelling of lips, face or eyes
- Stomach pain or vomiting
Severe reaction (anaphylaxis) can include:
- Airway: throat or tongue swelling, difficulty swallowing
- Breathing: wheeze, shortness of breath
- Circulation: dizziness, faintness, pale clammy skin, collapse
Getting a diagnosis
Your GP can refer you to an allergy clinic where tests such as skin prick tests, blood tests or, when appropriate, food challenges may be used to confirm the diagnosis.
Who is at higher risk?
- Previous serious reaction with ABC symptoms
- Asthma, especially if not well controlled
- Reactions to tiny amounts of lupin
Treatment
Mild symptoms may be treated with oral antihistamines. If you’re at risk of anaphylaxis, carry two prescribed adrenaline auto‑injectors (such as EpiPen® or Jext®) and know how to use them.
Avoiding lupin
Lupin is one of the 14 major allergens in the UK and must be highlighted on ingredient labels. It may also be listed as lupin flour, lupin bean or lupine. Always read labels and take extra care with imported products from Europe where lupin is used more commonly.
Flowers and seeds
Handling lupin seeds or plants may cause skin reactions in some people with lupin allergy. Avoid direct contact if this affects you.
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